The Hopping States

The hopping states are typically observed in isobutane-air cellular flames at parameter values between those corresponding to two consecutive ordered states. These states are characterized by a hopping motion in which individual cells abruptly change their angular position. The hopping proceeds sequentially to the other cells in the ring.

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• Hopping motion in ordered states of cellular flames
  M. Gorman, M. el-Hamdi and K. A. Robbins,
  Combustion Science and Technology 98 (1994) pp. 71-78.